Does this provide a good incentive for low-cost production as compared with fishing in the open seas where there are few if any property rights? Females remain near the nest during the incubation period, which averages 58 to 63 days. The sun Most alligator and crocodile populations are in trouble. It is not only a really bad idea to feed or entice an alligator, it's illegal in Florida. All rights reserved. Swim only during daylight hours. Income for llama can be calculated as follows. answer choices soil sunlight producer consumer Question 5 30 seconds Q. Greg was studying a forest ecosystem. It's smaller, the head is more robust and its snout is slightly upturned. (5.4) 0.75 Which organisms most directly provide inorganic nutrients for the producers to use? a.An increase in the amount of energy received from the sun capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to the first time encounters with key stimuli. a. Squirrel b. Beetle c. snake a. I b. II c. III d. IV, Use the generic food chain to answer the question. What are the chances of being bitten? Rising prices for a natural resource stimulatea. Plot the demand and supply curves, and determine the equilibrium price and quantity. endstream endobj 107 0 obj <>/Metadata 7 0 R/Pages 104 0 R/StructTreeRoot 14 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 108 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 104 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 109 0 obj <>stream In 2019, there was one fatality in Florida, five major and five minor alligator bites. d. Bears, As a general rule of thumb, about how much energy contained in the plants is available to the raccoons? They keep disease out of the soil. Instinctive behavioir. Select one: e.As energy flows in an ecosystem, some is lost as heat to the environment. Web7) If whales, sharks, seals and alligators were removed from the ecosystem what would you expect to happen to the numbers of predatory fish? Chinese alligators can live up to 70 years in human care. Completed nests are about 3.5 feet high and twice as wide. The nesting activity of female alligators is important for the creation of peat. Last year, a 47-year-old man was killed while looking for Frisbees along a lakeshore in Largo and an 80-year-old woman was killed after falling into a pond at a country club south of Sarasota. 2008 ). Although these animals become easy prey for alligators and other predators such as wading birds, the value of the refuge outweighs the risk. short run and not, Q)Empirical studies show that pollution expenditures in four US manufacturing industries are associated with significant long-run employment changes. An organism that eats a secondary consumer, An organism that eats large amounts of tissue from a dead animal carcass, The lowest level of consumer for an organism that must obtain food by eating other organisms, An organism that eats consumers that have eaten producers, The lowest level of consumer for a carnivore, An omnivore that eats a primary consumer as a meal, What is the ultimate energy source for living organisms? Given this food web, what factor allows the killer whale population to be stable even if marine mammal populations decrease? Alligator bites can result in serious infection. Donnelly, an expert on amphibians and reptiles, recommends you never allow children or pets to play, swim or exercise in bodies of water theses reptiles may call home. and Terms of Use. a. Wetlands in the Philippines suffer from pollution, flow modification, habitat degradation, invasive species, and over-exploitation. Alligators are efficient predators. a. Simply raising awareness about this species can contribute to its overall protection. long run and Mating occurs in early summer, with the females building nests about two to three weeks later and laying up to four-dozen eggs; fewer than two-dozen is common. tertiary consumer. Hatchlings generally emerge in September. a. I b. II c. III d. IV, Which of the following best characterizes the top consumer of this food chain (5.4) Alligators can be found in practically all fresh and brackish water and sometimes in salt water. 1 (5.4) Alligators are an important part of the Everglades ecosystem and are considered a keystone species of the park. Foxes, in turn, can eat many types of animals and plants. (5.4) and the ecosystem will become very unstable. WebIf alligators became endangered it would negatively impact our delicately balanced Florida ecosystem. The yellow banding fades away as the juveniles mature. 2 kilograms b. This means that if the species were to disappear from the ecosystem, no other species would be able to fill its ecological niche. 123 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<93E991B1199D6F4E9357DDCAA54428F6><343B39741742DF4D8DDE3981286D7CE2>]/Index[106 39]/Info 105 0 R/Length 92/Prev 132464/Root 107 0 R/Size 145/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Females remain near the nest during the incubation period, which averages 58 to 63 days. The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) ranges throughout the southeastern United States, and alligators within Everglades National Park exist at the southern extreme of their range. It is native to slow-moving freshwater areas of the lower Yangtze River in China where it eats snails, crustaceans, insects, fish, young waterfowl and rodents. c. The minnow, the salmon, and the grizzly bear Sitting at the top of the food chain, alligators are apex predators and help keep other animal populations in balance. price = $13 Multiple Choice Over consumption, which could lead to less profit. Alligators and crocodiles are ectothermic. (5.4) Do you have pictures of Gracie Thompson from the movie Gracie's choice. (5.4) d.An increase in the number of frogs, What would most likely happen if the insect population significantly decreased? Over consumption, which could lead to less profit. a.The niches created by the decrease in certain species populations makes the island vulnerable to invasive species 2.00 If you encounter an alligator you think will be a threat to people, pets or property, call the FWCs Nuisance Alligator Hotline at 1866FWCGATOR (3924286) or visitmyfwc.com. 30 kcal b. Dentition includes blunt teeth adapted well to crushing shelled animals. This will reduce the nutrient availability to the producers and subsequently, to the consumers. "If you should be attacked, fight like your life depends on it because it does," Mazzoti said. (5.4) According to aNovember 2021 report from the Florida Fish and WildlifeConservation Commission (FWC): Alligators have been in Florida for centuries and can be found in all 67 counties. William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder, John L. Solow. d.The number of organisms decreases with each trophic level, but the amount of energy in each trophic level increases The highly efficient predators are quick on land and even faster in water. Over consumption, which could lead to extinction. 6,000 Human conflicts with alligators are rare and generally not serious, but incidents do occur and have been reported. The bright yellow cross-bands that juvenile alligators sport against a black background provide effective camouflage. The mating system is polygamous, as a male may breed with more than one female. The food chain will be disrupted if the grasshopper is removed However, even after hunting was prohibited in Florida, illegal poaching continued into the 1970s because the belly skin of alligators produces high-quality leather. Price per 2-year-old llama ($) a.The fish population would increase The first two firms have the same per-megawatt cost of production equal to $2, while firm C has a per-megawatt cost of $1. Fish and Wildlife Service were to reduce or eliminate the tags required to hunt alligators? The critically endangered Chinese alligator differs from its American counterpart in subtle ways. Assuming the market for apples meets the efficiency condition, show the equilibrium price and quantity that maximizes net benefit to society. 14. (2) Efficient level of output. Members are our strongest champions of animal conservation and wildlife research. "We are developing in wild places that are home to alligators, coral snakes, rattle snakes and other animals that could harm us," Donnelly said. Terrifying ordeal from the neighbor who witnessed fatal alligator encounter, Wildlife officials investigate woman's death at golf community, In Florida, what's more dangerous than paddling with gators? (5.4) It's alligator mating season in Florida:So expect more neighborhood gator sightings. It is well understood that reproductive success is contingent on many factors, particularly hydrology. What time does normal church end on Sunday? the development of externalities from the resource.d. Both sexes may react very aggressively to one another, especially in first encounter situations. b.An increase in the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide b.Their population will further decrease WebRemoval of a predator causes overpopulation of prey. The cages and ponds not only keep the seafood from swimming away but also provide aquaculturists with strong property rights over their animals. E) It absorbs stresses produced by walking, running, and lifting. Snake b. Bird c. eagle d. Beetle, Which two organisms in this food web receive energy directly from the beetle? a.Diversity of available prey b. Abundance of producers The government gives each firm 10 pollution permits. b.Available energy increases because more organisms are consumed at higher trophic levels By competing with a species it does not eat, The Florida manatee is a nearly extinct marine mammal that depends on sea grasses and other aquatic vegetation for food. For general feedback, use the public comments section below (please adhere to guidelines). (5.4) c. zooplankton d. Fish c.An increase in the population of primary consumers Fun Fact As an American alligators teeth wear down or fall out, new ones come in. Marginal private costs are below marginal social costs How can you avoid getting attacked by an alligator? Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? But they can move very quickly for short distances on land and they can lunge. Fish b. Spiders c. frogs d. Eagle e. Bird f. Mouse, Which organism represented in this food web would be the top consumer? (remember that in a competitive market the price will be driven down to marginal cost (since firms in a competitive market earn zero economic profit). As alligators disappeared from the food chain, being at the highest trophic level, there would be a population increase in their prey such as fish, birds, amphibians, and other animals. The snout of an alligator is characteristically broad, although the shape can vary slightly among populations and individuals. An 85-year-old woman defending her dog from an alligator attack in a St. Lucie County community was killed in February when the beast turned on her. What will most likely happen to the florida manatee if pollution kills sea grasses and aquatic vegetation? Heres what we could expect to lose with the eradication of alligators: Alligators Impact on the Florida Ecosystem: 4 problems wed face without them. WebThey make the soil clean. c.Marsh grasses and other producers are more likely to mutate and form new species b. endstream endobj startxref 0 a. d.They will move to deeper waters for a more stable habitat, the inorganic nutrients would no longer be available to the producers, The diagram shows the cycling of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem. 33034-6733, Download the official NPS app before your next visit. Each of these living things can be a part of multiple food chains. What would be the total cost of reducing pollution, if the firms are allowed to trade permits between each other? c. it takes 50 black rat snakes to feed 1 hawk, According to the pyramid of numbers given, which of the following statements are true? Mouse c. snake d. Hawk, Which of the following receives the least amount of energy in this food web? 0 Considering this security feature, the market equilibrium is, A: External Cost :- Webproducer/autotroph. %%EOF The sound of dogs barking and playing may even draw an alligator to the area. Producers b. Carbon c. oxygen d. Energy, Which could be considered a secondary consumer? c.Seabirds and sea turtles begin to compete with the marine mammals by preying on more small fish That's a long list, More:77-year-old woman bitten by alligator in Lakewood Ranch retirement community. Adult male alligators occasionally reach 13 to 15 feet in length. a. The wild population may be fewer than 150 individuals. Each villager can use this money either to buy a government bond that pays 14 percent interest per year or to buy a year-old llama, send it onto the commons to graze, and sell it after 1 year. b.With fewer large fish, killer whales prey on more marine mammals d.Grasshoppers would increase, and snakes would decrease, the snakes are increasing with fewer predators feeding on them, 31. The first two firms have the same per-megawatt cost of production equal to $2, while firm C has a per-megawatt cost of $1. Firm A currently dumps 223 tons of chemicals into the local river. D) The element is more readily reduced than most other elements. Breeding birds use alligators to protect nests from raccoons, opossums, New measurements suggest rethinking the shape of the Milky Way galaxy, Astronomers discover two super-Earths orbiting nearby star, Developing multiple concentration gradients for single celllevel drug screening, Solving the mystery of protein surface interactions with geometric fingerprints, Second ring found around dwarf planet Quaoar, Science X Daily and the Weekly Email Newsletter are free features that allow you to receive your favorite sci-tech news updates in your email inbox. You can induce a gator's gag reflex by jamming objects in the back of its mouth, and when it tries to reposition prey in its mouth, that's your chance to escape. I II III IV top consumer Similar to the ecosystem effects of Aldabra tortoises, these extinct tortoises modified the landscape through heavy grazing and soil disturbance (terraforming) but also through seed dispersal of endangered plants (Hansen et al. 'Terrifying ordeal from the neighbor who witnessed fatal alligator encounter, 'Alligator bite incident':Wildlife officials investigate woman's death at golf community. Dens are burrowed out and used for shelter and aestivation when winter temperatures fall or more commonly in the Everglades, when conditions are very dry. The critically endangered Chinese alligator differs from its American counterpart in subtle ways. All of the above are correct. Quantity Supplied (per month) Which position in the food chain represent the primary consumer? d.They are an important food source for secondary consumers, available energy decreases because some is released as heat into the envioronment, As energy moves through a food web, what happens to the amount of available energy at each trophic level? Growing up to nearly 15 feet in length, the American alligator can take up residence in Florida's canals, lakes, rivers and swamps. Number of llamas on the commons. Fish b. Spiders c.zooplankton Young vocalize to bring the group together and maintain its cohesion, while adults respond to juvenile distress calls. a. (5.4) In the pond community, the frog population is drastically reduced by this infection. The discarded salmon carcasses provide nutrients downstream and to terrestrial landscapes. What might happen to alligators in the south if the U.S. a. A. (5.4) a. Decomposer b. This answer is: The government has decided to reduce the pollution and from now on will require a pollution permit for each ton of pollution dumped into the river. a. Prepared by George H. Dalrymple Chinese alligators usually grow to about 5 feet (1.5 meters). When you become a member, you also receive exclusive benefits, like special opportunities to meet animals, discounts at Zoo stores and more. A cubic foot of carbon monoxide pollutes the environment, and has a social cost of $2.5. Several turtle species, such as the Florida red-bellied turtle (Chrysemys nelsoni), incubate their eggs inside both active and old/abandoned alligator nests. Springtime courtship rituals are complex and can last for several hours. (5.4) If the gator went extinct ,it would take away the top predator in the everglades and would allow the prey animals numbers to explode to dangerous levels, throwing the ecosystem into chaos. Each villager can use this money either to buy a government bond that pays 18 percent interest per year or to buy a year-old llama, send it onto the commons to graze, and sell it after 1 year. a. They can reproduce into their 50s. 3 Small animals would outbreed the food supply. Elephants in India destroy crops and homes. c. decomposers d. carnivores, Use the generic food chain to answer the question. Suppose firms are not held accountable for the pollution they produce. State law also prohibits killing, harassing or possessing alligators except under permit. The abatement costs of one ton of pollution is $173 for Firm A and $76 for Firm B. Social life begins before hatching, as nest mates communicate egg to egg and with parents who open the egg chamber when synchronized hatching begins. The price the villager gets for the 2-year-old llama depends on the quality of the fleece it grows while grazing on the commons. Thus in many areas where alligators once existed, they have disappeared or are only present in permanent water bodies (canals, ponds) or during periods of extremely high water. hb```a``* @(an0X[m4?E ?B>);j6sfyV D@ U( (5.4) weather related occurrences that affect populations regardless of their density. (5.4) Summary of how water-management changes associated with Everglades restoration are expected to affect P 0.50 150 c. 30,000 The price the villager gets for the 2-year-old llama depends on the quality of the fleece it grows while grazing on the commons. 144 0 obj <>stream A. a.An ecosystem that has 1000 squirrels must produce at least 800,000 acorns The lowest level of consumer for an organism that must obtain food by eating other organisms. d.A decrease in all species, an increase in the population of primary consumers, Which of the following would best explain a decrease in the number of producers represented by this food web? Water remains in alligator holes throughout the year except during severe drought conditions. A global-positioning anti-theft device installed by one car owner can produce a positive spillover to other citizens in a community. (5.4) 12,000 The adult diet typically consists of fish, turtles, small mammals, birds, and reptiles, including small alligators. Instead, they rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature and lie out in the sun, or move to areas with warmer or cooler temperatures, to do so. If ice coverage decreases as predicted, what will likely happen to arctic polar bears? By eating certain prey species Combating emissions that lead to global warming differs from other types of pollution abatement because the process of combating global warming is _____ cumulative. Of course, if water depth decreases too low or remains low for too long, prey become less numerous and alligator body condition suffers or cannibalism occurs, or both. What might happen to alligators in the south if the U.S. What role do coenzymes play in metabolism? The color of adult alligators varies with habitat and can be olive, brown, gray, or nearly black, with a creamy underside. Select all that apply. Water b. 111 In their absence, dead organic matter will pile up and nutrient recycling will be inhibited. 119 What are the chances of being bitten? d. Water snakes, terrestrial grasses and aquatic vegetation, Which organisms in the food web have the greatest amount of energy? The demand for electricity is represented by the inverse demand function P (Mw) =100 - Mw, where Mw represents the megawatts consumed by the public. A) The vertebral column physically supports the skull and trunk. Number of llamas on the commons Now more than ever, we need your support. Which of the following most likely describes the effect of the drought on this food chain? 5 Alligator activity also picks up in the spring and summertime, when they typically breed and look for new habitats. About the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, #CheetahCubdate 9: An Ice Bucket Challenge. However, if they sense something splashing in the water, they are likely to bite first and ask questions later. d.Fewer salmon will force bears to hibernate later, an increase in salmon birthrate and survival, Which of the following would most directly decrease the carrying capacity of minnows in an ecosystem with this food chain? She carries 8 to 10 hatchlings at a time in her mouth down to the water, pulling her tongue down to make a pouch in which they sit. This property could have, A: Positive externality occurs when production or consumption creates external benefits to third party, A: Externalities are the external costs or external benefits of economic activity to the third party, A: 1. Under consumption, as hunters switch to a new animal to hunt. The Chinese alligator is in desperate need of habitat conservation and protection in the wild. (5.4) D. a climax community. Energy stored in chemical bonds The more we develop, the more likely we are to see this type of conflict.". c.Their diet will change to include fish and small crustaceans Which 2 of the following statements are true concerning energy flow in an ecosystem? Increased surveillance at the airports, A: Natural resource economics is concerned with the supply, demand, and allocation of natural resources, A: Natural resources are those resources that are provided by nature and humans use it directly or by, A: When the anti-theft device is installed, there occurs positive externalities, which means that other, A: Illegal fishing activities are not recorded in economic activities by the government statistics. Blue crabs feed on salt meadow grass, shrimp, and detritus. What is the answer to today's cryptoquote in newsday? The algae, the minnow, and the salmon (5.4) d. 150,000, According to the data given in the Pyramid of numbers, how many grass seeds must be produced to support 100 mice in this ecosystem? Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. d. Nuclear power plants, Algae receive energy directly from the sun which makes them which of the following? A) The element is more readily oxidized than hydrogen. (5.4) Still, the FWC says the chances of a Florida resident being seriously injured in an unprovoked alligator attack are one in 3.1 million. The largest Chinese alligator measured in recent times was 7 feet and 1inch--about half the size of the largest living American alligators. By digging holes and leaving trails throughout marshes, they create habitats for fish and marine invertebrates. d. Marginal external costs are zero. The species that exist today were those that were not wiped out when the dinosaurs died. Maximum length for females is approximately 10 feet. Juveniles eat a wide variety of small invertebrates, particularly insects, as well as small fish and frogs. Market equilibrium level of output: a.Producers b. Here, a firm's cost and benefit of pollution are graphed. State laws prohibit feeding, harassing, killing or possessing them. Operant conditioning. By living as a parasite of other species Both sexes tend to be smaller in South Florida. Firms A, B, and C produce respectively 1, 2, and 3 cubic feet of carbon monoxide per megawatt produced. %PDF-1.5 % sd2 domestic supply curve ecosystems. Suppose that government allows firms to trade their permits to emit carbon monoxide. WebBurmese pythons and American alligators will not battle over the course of millions of years for the same reason this highly imbalanced ecosystem arose in the first place: human intervention. It, A: Environmental issues have to be addressed through public intervention even if it is taking place in, A: The tragedy of the commons situation in economics can be understood when the individuals neglect the, A: F1=250(x1)-4(x1)2wherexiisthenumberofboatsfishingthere. What is wrong with reporter Susan Raff's arm on WFSB news? b.Decreased aquatic vegetation This investigation provides valuable insight into hatchling success and nest site selection, as well as impacts from flooding, predation, and infertility. 4,000 Ecosystem can be directly affected by Deforestation. Even outside their dens they can tolerate limited periods of freezing conditions. d.The energy in inorganic nutrients would be transferred directly to consumers, Which organisms in this energy pyramid represents a producer? Ecologists argue that the extinction of crocodiles could disrupt ecological processes and damage the ecosystem. Your feedback is important to us. Since there are multiple questions we will answer only the first three questions. Hitting or kicking the alligator or poking it in its eyes may cause it to release its grip. And how much electricity is produced after the permits are traded? WebIf whales, sharks, seals and alligators were removed from the ecosystem, what would you expect to happen to the numbers of predatory fish? In areas where bobcats and wolves neared extinction, the deer population increased exponentially. People are not their meal of choice. a.They will adapt their diet to include large fish, squid, and octopus b.The water snakes eat more fish primary consumer. Of course, many different animals eat grass, and rabbits can eat other plants besides grass. Perhaps the greatest contribution the alligator makes to the ecosystem and its inhabitants are gator holes that adults create and expand year by year. Plants b. Rabbits c. raccoons d. Bears, A forest ecosystem supports the food chain indicated in the energy pyramid. 'I saw the gator grab her. Make a donation to the Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute today! 0 And when they attack, they make news. The number of alligators began to rebound when alligator farms opened and hunting was outlawed, easing the pressure on wild populations. The Chinese alligator is the only member of the eight species in the Alligatoridae family to exist outside of the Americas. It is illegal to feed or provoke alligators as well as all other wildlife. (5.4) This document is subject to copyright. First week only $4.99! hbbd```b``"jzD2H0;LIq0&i D~K&30 @W?c[ m!F According to retired trapper Gator Bill Robb in 2018, "Raise your hands, look as big as possible, back up, and once youve made yourself look large, if the alligator doesnt retreat, get out as fast as you can in a straight line. a. Bird b. Squirrel c. snake d. Mouse e. Eagle f. seeds, Which of the following makes up the base of all ecological pyramids? (5.4) c. decomposers d. Inorganic nutrients. quantity = 12 d. Foxes, a. an ecosystem that has 1000 squirrels must produce at least 800,000 acorns What might happen to alligators in the south if the U.S. b.The consumers would have to replace the decomposers in the transfer of energy 113 The FWCs Statewide Nuisance Alligator Program (SNAP) uses contracted nuisance alligator trappers throughout the state to remove alligators 4 feet in length or greater that are believed to pose a threat. what would happen if the decomposers were removed from the Introduction: or, by Evelyn Perez, Florida International University. Were it not for additional changes in the law controlling the movement of alligator hides, extinction may have been possible. Over time, human practices like agriculture and development caused many species to become threatened If you take photos, do it from a safe distance, at least 30 feet. WebAmerican alligators were once threatened by extinction, but after being placed on the endangered species list in 1967, their population increased. (5.4) Alligators are usually afraid of people, rarely bite humans for reasons other than food, and are most dangerous in the water or by the shoreline. 1,000 c. 100,000 d. 1,000,000, According to the energy pyramid, the grass seeds contain 300,000 kcal. Today it is limited to the lower Yangtze, primarily in the Anhui and Zhejiang provinces in eastern China. Females provide parental care, including assisting the hatching process and carrying the newly hatched young from the nests, which are located on land, to the water. Consumers Where are Pisa and Boston in relation to the moon when they have high tides? "Anytime you show up next to water, you're assuming some risk Don't tempt it. Although alligators tend to hang out under rookeries to eat nestlings that fall out of their nests, they also like to eat raccoons, which prey on birds while they're in their nests. Total income from llama can be calculated as, A: The externality refers to a situation when the action of one person affects the other person also,, A: Efficiency is achieved at the output level where MSB equals MSC, A: In equilibrium, Demand = Supply, so Price How many kilocalories would you expect to be represented by X, the amount of energy contained in the mice? Their populations should go up because nothing else, except birds, eats them. FL c. apex predators d. decomposers, Which organism represented by the energy pyramid has the most available energy? Consumers Which position in the food chain represent a producer? Yes, agriculture provides a good incentive for low-cost production as compared, A: The social outcome is focused on providing goods and services to be distributed among the public at, A: Hi. b.They are producers Manatees live in warm, shallow coastal waters.