[40][6] Following her death, Jim Bridenstine, NASA's administrator, described her as "an American hero" and stated that "her pioneering legacy will never be forgotten. and college when she was 15. Katherine Johnson, a pioneering mathematician and one of the first African American women to work at NASA, was estimated to have an IQ of 162. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. In 1939, however, she was selected to be one of the first three African American students to enroll in a graduate program at West Virginia University. Johnson's prolific genius propelled her to author a whopping twenty-eight scientific papers before she retired from NASA in 1986. It consists of several tasks that measure different skills such as intelligence, memory, problem solving ability and inductive reasoning etc. Katherine had three other siblings, and she was the youngest of the lot. It was her careful work that allowed engineers to discover that the flight path of a larger plane can disturb the air around it for up to a half hour after it passes through, acting as a sort of trip wire for a smaller plane. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. On November 1st, PBS released the documentary Outlier: The Story of Katherine Johnson. Mathematicians, place of death: Newport News, Virginia, United States, Notable Alumni: West Virginia State University, education: West Virginia University, West Virginia State University, awards: Presidential Medal of Freedom Virginia Women in History 100 Women (BBC), See the events in life of Katherine Johnson in Chronological Order, (Mathematician and One of the First African-American Women to Work as a NASA Scientist), https://people.com/human-interest/nasa-katherine-johnson-mathematician-advice-interview/, http://wikinetworth.com/celebrities/katherine-johnson-wiki-age-still-alive-husband-net-worth.html, https://wtkr.com/2018/11/15/hidden-figures-congressional-gold-medal-act-honoring-african-american-womens-work-at-nasa-passes-senate/, https://wtkr.com/2017/05/21/katherine-johnson-to-receive-honorary-degree-from-clark-atlanta-university/. In a 2010 interview, Johnson recalled, "Everybody was concerned about them getting there. All rights reserved. In 1953, Johnson was working as a teacher for $100 a month and raising her children. The pay was much better than her teaching salary, so Johnson immediately applied and was offered a position. [1][27][28] Biography.com states these were "far more difficult calculations, to account for the gravitational pulls of celestial bodies".[29]. Katherine Johnson made the most of limited educational opportunities for African Americans, graduating from college at age 18. Katherine Johnson Mothers in Science In her own words, We will always have STEM with us. Film and TV 1 Answer What is queen katherine academy? Katherine Johnson, a pioneering mathematician and one of the first African American women to work at NASA, was estimated to have an IQ of 162 In May 1961, Johnson performed trajectory analysis for Alan Shepard's Freedom 7 mission, America's first human spaceflight. In 2015, she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contributions to mathematics and science. Katherine johnson IQ score IQ Score/ Average, What IQ Scores Really Mean Katherine johnson IQ score, Average intelligence Katherine johnson IQ score. The following year, at the request of John Glenn, Johnson verified that the electronic computer had planned his flight correctly. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Katherine-Johnson-mathematician, The HistoryMakers - Biography of Katherine G. Johnson, Space.com - Katherine Johnson: Pioneering NASA mathematician, Katherine Johnson - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Katherine Johnson - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Katherine Johnson after receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race. 14 of those dolls were their new Shero linemodern role models for young girlswhile the other 3 were a part of their new Inspiring Women linedolls that were based off of historical women. They are also more difficult to cheat on, which makes them a better choice for people who want to ensure that their results are accurate. People would call us and ask, what makes you think that this or that is possible? and we would try to tell them. [59], On November 2, 2020, Fairfax County Public Schoolsthe largest school division in the Commonwealth of Virginia and 12th largest school division in the United States, and the City of Fairfax, Virginia, announced that the latter's school board had voted to rename its middle school, previously named after Confederate soldier, poet, and musician Sidney Lanier to Katherine Johnson Middle School (KJMS), after 85 percent of its residents voiced their support in favor. At the ceremony, Langley Director David Bowles said, Were here to honor the legacy of one of the most admired and inspirational people ever associated with NASA. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". However, there are a few key points that should be considered when making this decision. Katherine was further mentored by Professor William Claytor who created a special course for her in analytic geometrysomething that would serve her well in her future occupation. [42][43][44][45] Johnson was named West Virginia State College Outstanding Alumnus of the Year in 1999. In particular, MA represents childrens performance in tasks that are typically solved by older children. Yes! [6][35][36] Johnson, who had six grandchildren and 11 great-grandchildren, lived in Hampton, Virginia. In 1961, Johnson played a vital role in the success of the Friendship 7 mission, which saw astronaut Alan Shepard become the first American in space. So Johnsonthe legendary NASA "computer," or mathematician, who was made famous by the book and movie Hidden Figures and who died at 101 on Mondaysimply reverse-engineered the entire . Truck and Van Drivers,Warehousemen; Carpenters; Cooks and Bakers; Small Farmers. Johnson made invaluable contributions to our history, and deserves our recognition and respect. In the '40s, '50s, and '60s, NASA hired women to do the complex mathematical work that computers do today. She simply told people she had done the work and that she belonged. IQ levels This means that you can take them at any time and anywhere you want. However, a 140 IQ is considered to be very high and would typically qualify someone for a top spot in their field. She was named West Virginia State College Outstanding Alumnus of the Year in 1999. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. During retirement, she enjoyed traveling, playing card games, and spending time with her family and friends. She was a member of Carver Memorial Presbyterian Church for 50 years, where she sang as part of the choir. www.nasa.gov/content/katherine-johnson-biography", "Black history Katherine G Johnson (1918 retired)", "Katherine G. Johnson: Physicist, Space Scientist, Mathematician", "Perspective | For 16-year-old black girl nerds, it's good that Katherine Johnson is no longer hidden", "Peninsula Officials: Regions Disaster-Ready", "Katherine G. Johnson Computational Research Facility Ribbon Cutting", "NASA Dedicates Building To Hidden Figures Heroine Katherine Johnson", "NASA Dedicates Facility to Mathematician, Presidential Medal Winner", "Katherine Johnson at NASA Langley Research Center", "NASA Honors 'Hidden Figure' Katherine Johnson", "BBC 100 Women 2016: Who is on the list? We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners. It is also a reminder of the importance of diversity in STEM fields. [63] In an earlier interview, Johnson offered the following comment about the movie: "It was well done. Factory Packers and Sorters, Laborers; Gardeners; Upholsterers; Farmhands; Miners, Sales Manager. NACA was accepting mathematicians, irrespective of race and gender, for their Guidance and Navigation Department. IQ is an abbreviation for Intelligence Quotient. Katherine Johnson - Wikipedia The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The doors of the research center officially opened on September 22nd, 2017. The Apollo moon landing program was a success, and arguably one of the most famous events in the history of space travel. She also liked to talk to students about school. Claytor added new mathematics courses just for Johnson. In Johnson's role at NASA, people trusted her with their livesJohn Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth, said of Johnson: Call her, and if she says the computers right, Ill take it. He wanted her to double-check the computers calculations on the reentry of his spacecraft Friendship 7, because he preferred to rely on her instead of a machine. This IQ test was prepared by a. Lawyers,Physicians,(Civil and Mechanical), Engineers and Surgeons. She also calculated the trajectories for John Glenns Mercury-Atlas 6 flight and Apollo 11s moon landing. It is used for identifying people with mental disabilities and measuring their cognitive ability in order to plan for services that can help them improve on their skills. Want more stories of space exploration? There were no textbooks, so we had to write them. She added that, in a time where computing was "women's work" and engineering was left to men, "it really does have to do with us over the course of time sort of not valuing that work that was done by women, however necessary, as much as we might. James died of an inoperable brain tumor in 1956[34] and, three years later, Katherine married James A. Featured photo of Johnson with a globe via NASA. In fact, in contrast to today's male-dominated tech world, math and computing were seen at the time as women's work. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. She encouraged students to keep studying and to work hard. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The stations where they worked were labeled Colored Computers. In 1958, NASA's Project Mercury was officially approved, with the goal to put a man in orbit around the Earth. [62], The film Hidden Figures, released in December 2016, was based on the non-fiction book of the same title by Margot Lee Shetterly, which was published earlier that year. (They eventually had three daughters.). Katherine Johnson works with an adding machine and a celestrial training devicea sort of globe-within-a-globe to help calculate space navigationat NASA's Langley Research Center in 1962. Although the installation was desegregated,[23] forms of discrimination were still pervasive. Katherine's knowledge of analytic geometry helped make quick allies of male bosses and colleagues to the extent that, "they forgot to return me to the pool". She was also involved in the launch calculations of his Mercury mission. [13] The family split their time between Institute during the school year and White Sulphur Springs in the summer. That changed in 1958 when NACA was incorporated into the newly formed National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which banned segregation. She was portrayed by Taraji P. Henson as a lead character in the 2016 film Hidden Figures. Katherine was also responsible for sending many others to the moon. [50] NASA renamed the Independent Verification and Validation Facility, in Fairmont, West Virginia, to the Katherine Johnson Independent Verification and Validation Facility on February22, 2019. It wasnt just the Mercury program that Johnson worked on. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Difficult IQ test online. [Via Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race, by Margot Lee Shetterly; The Washington Post; Whitehouse.gov; NASA; Katherine Johnson: America's First Space Flight]. 24 February 2020. In 1961 she calculated the path for Freedom 7, the spacecraft that put the first U.S astronaut in space, Alan B. Shepard, Jr. Johnson shaped the future of humanity, both on Earth and in space. In the early days of NASA women were not allowed to put their names on the reports no woman in my division had had her name on a report. Every February, people in the United States celebrate the achievements and history of African Americans as part of Black History Month. But not surprisingly, Johnson rose to the occasion and delivered an extemporaneous talk that NASA says inspired at least one attendee to return to school. [5], Katherine Johnson was born as Creola Katherine Coleman on August 26, 1918, in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, to Joylette Roberta (ne Lowe) and Joshua McKinley Coleman. [31], She also helped to calculate the trajectory for the 1969 Apollo11 flight to the Moon. Katherine Johnson - Intelligence and IQ Katherine Johnson: A Lifetime of STEM | NASA Some sources say that Einstein had an IQ of around 160, while others say it was closer to 200. Her work is celebrated in Margot Lee Shetterly's 2016 non-fiction book Hidden Figures, which recounts how Black women mathematicians helped NASA win the space race, and the racism and sexism they faced along the way. However, a 140 IQ is considered to be very high and would typically qualify someone for a top spot in their field. She was 101 years old. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. A physicist, space scientist, and mathematician, Katherine Johnson gained a minute in the national glare in 1970 when she was instrumental in formulating calculations that helped the crippled Apollo 13 return home safely. She and a few others crowded around a small television screen watching the first steps on the Moon. I counted the steps to the road, the steps up to church, the number of dishes and silverware I washedanything that could be . Katherine johnson IQ score - IQ Score/ Average Is a 140 IQ good? Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. In 1952, a relative informed her about job openings at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), NASAs predecessor. [51], Johnson was included on the BBC's list of 100 Women of influence worldwide in 2016. I also want to get Early Bird Books newsletter featuring book deals, recommendations, and giveaways. In 1937, she graduated from West Virginia State College with a B.S. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Johnson, a pioneering mathematician who, along with a group of other brilliant black women, made US space travel possible, died this week. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Johnson said of the calculations, You tell me when you want it and where you want it to land, and Ill do it backwards and tell you when to take off.". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. She told them to learn more about math and science. She calculated the flight path for America's. Her legacy includes an extraordinary social impact as a pioneer in space science and computing that may be seen both from the honors she has received and the number of times her story is presented as a role model to aspiring young people. In honor of her incredible life, we're looking back at her astounding achievements with these ten extraordinary facts about Katherine Johnson. Using her mathematics skills, she helped NASA send astronauts to the moon and return them safely home. In a NASA oral history, Johnson would later recount that she managed racist incidents at NASA by trying to ignore her coworkers' prejudice: I dont wear my feelings on my shoulder. Johnson accepted a job offer from the agency in June 1953.[7]. In her role on NASA's Space Task Group, Johnson calculated astronaut Alan Shepard's trajectory. Differentiation in intelligence is occurring across the world and the average intelligence of a person has been increasing rapidly over time. The medal is the highest honor a civilian can receive. On the other hand, paper-based IQ tests are more accurate and reliable. A documentary about her premiered in 2019. Some things will drop out of the public eye and will go away, but there will always be science, engineering, and technology. She added: "I didn't feel any segregation. One of Johnsons first NASA assignments was to look at the black box data from crashed airplanes. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Her husband died of a tumor in 1956. In order to truly understand the topic, you need to consider the different elements that influence intelligence. A film based on the book was also released in 2016. RELATED: 10 Space Adventure Books That Will Have You on the Edge of Your Seat. Johnson would later say that her supervisor at the time, Henry Pearson, was dismayed to have a female author on the report. [7] When NASA used electronic computers for the first time to calculate John Glenn's orbit around Earth, officials called on Johnson to verify the computer's numbers; Glenn had asked for her specifically and had refused to fly unless Johnson verified the calculations. The federal workplace segregation laws required African-American women to work, eat and use restrooms that were different from their peers. There is no definitive answer to this question as it depends on a persons definition of genius. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Her father mostly worked as a handyman at the Greenbrier Hotel, while her mother was a teacher. Johnson applied and received a formal job offer in 1953, and she accepted it. RELATED: 12 Books With an Environmental Message to Read This Earth Day. NASA mathematician, trailblazer in the quest for racial equality, contributor to our nation's first triumphs in human spaceflight and champion of STEM education, Katherine G. Johnson stands among NASA's most inspirational figures.
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