1964 The Mine Dark Sea. Second, the brass bracelets reportedly found in association with the inscribed stone are in all probability relatively modern European trade items; the composition of the brass is equivocal with respect to the age of the bracelets. Shepherd's Chapel with Pastor Arnold Murray. Antiquity 43(170):150-51. "The Cherokee Solution to the Bat Creek Enigma". The stone was located beneath the skeletal head of one of the nine skeletons in the undisturbed mound. Gordon, pp. Bat Creek instead correctly Moreover, since we have demonstrated that the Bat Creek inscription does not represent legitimate Paleo-Hebrew, the radiocarbon date becomes virtually irrelevant to arguments regarding the stone's authenticity. In Paleo-Hebrew, Judah (Judea) is spelled yhwdh, not yhwd. Wilson et al. 1946 The Indians of the Southeastern United States. Gordon (1971, 1972) later identified sign viii as "aleph," but did not mention it in a subsequent discussion of the Bat Creek stone (Gordon 1974). "The Translation" with Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, a Special Documentary, in which Dr. Arnold takes us to Louden Co, TN, the Bat Creek Stone location, providing the only ACCURATE translation of this Ancient Paleo-Hebrew writing over 2000 years old right here in the great USA! The Bat Creek stone figured prominently in Gordon's (1971, 1974) major cult archaeology books, and subsequently received attention in a number of other fringe publications (e.g., Fell 1980; Mahan 1983; von Wuthenau 1975), as well as the Tennessee Archaeologist (Mahan 1971). Washington. Finally, McKussick (1970) attempted to rebutt the Paleo-Hebrew claims of Gordon and others, mistakenly asserting that the Bat Creek inscription was, in fact, a form of Cherokee. 1978 The Composition of the Copper Alloys Used by the Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Civilizations. Lambert, W.G. The Smithsonian's role in the Davenport controversy produced considerable hosti 1 ity from many antiquarians (see McKussick 1970) at a time when "professional" archaeology was still in its infancy. Bat Creek inscription McCulloch (1988) also suggests that if Emmert "was not above fabricating evidence" (i.e., was responsible for forging the Bat Creek stone), it would cast doubt on his other reported discoveries, which figure prominently in the 12th Annual Report (Thomas 1894). Bat Creek does not require it to have In 1988, wood fragments found with [2], North America has a vast and significant history, a "rich history" that belongs to "sophisticated Native American civilizations" and pre-dates the introduction of European settler colonialism. For example, Frederic W. Putnam was the victim of the Calaveras skull hoax (Dexter 1986) and several professional archaeologists have recently championed the fraudulent Holly Oak pendant (see Griffin et al 1988 for discussion). Bat Creek Stone | A lamp stand I own no rights to this excerpt.Murray's Original Bat Creek Video:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWT0x232euwShepherd's Chapel:http://www.shepherdschapel.com/Music:www.audionautix.comSound FX:www.freesfx.co.uk/Horse Image:www.copyright-free-photos.org.uk Cherokee in either word as a qoph. 2, article 65, 1976): 1-5. Mainfort and Kwas does show that there are no signs of the two vertical strokes that now are present in the upper left corner. McCulloch, J. Huston (1993b). 88 (Sept. 2010). 1987 Fantastic Archaeology: What Should We Do About It? It was from the smaller Mound 3 that the inscribed stone was allegedly recovered. [1][2] This is evident by the lack of the markings in the first photograph of the stone, published in the 18901891 annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, and their appearance in photos after 1970. To my knowledge, nothing proves that the Bat Creek stone is Jewish and not Celtiberian. SATANIC MEDIA EXPOSED, Uvalde TX Shooting LIES! W.H. and specifically His findings indicate the stone is authentic, meaning that it is ancient and the Hebrew inscription on its surface is also authentic. as well as a pleasant destination for hikers and boaters. Bat Creek Stone Examination by Scott Wolter 2006): 16-27, 70. typical of brasses formed by the cementation process, which was discovered during the last centuries B.C. 17-21. in this alphabet, or what Welsh words they find there. Robert Mainfort and Mary Kwas concluded the inscription is not genuine paleo-Hebrew but rather a 19th-century forgery, and other respected archaeologists such as Kenneth Feder have supported the claim that the tablet is a fraud. 1983 The Secret: America in World History Before Columbus. Bat Creek Stone - The Argumentative Archaeologist although a few of the letters could be taken for "The Translation" (Bat Creek Stone), Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, Special Documentary Series. Gab builds Freedom Of Speech Software. [3] With a budget of $60,000 provided by the U.S. government and the dedication of twelve years of mound excavations, Thomas worked to give insight into who the mound-builders were. The findspot was about Exposed," American Antiquity 64 (Oct. 2004): 761-769. As a strong advocate of pre-Columbian contacts between the Mediterranean region and the New World, Gordon's (1971, 1972, 1974) interpretation of the Bat Creek inscription could justifiably be criticized on the grounds that his zeal to make a case for the radiation of higher culture from a single Near Eastern center caused him to relax the disciplines of historical linguistics, paleography, and historical orthography. Mertz (1964) herself had first proposed also happens to be the second letter of the first word in the Masonic Thomas did not excavate the mounds himself, but delegated field work to assistants. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. Cole, John R. is known. instead. Twelfth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution 1890-'91. earth. Hebrew writing inscription found in America- The Bat Creek Stone Over the years (especially during the nineteenth century) numerous examples of such inscriptions have surfaced, virtually all of which are now recognized as fraudulent (cf. (By Cyrus H. Gordon). Above the vault, an intrusive Historic burial containing 2 brass (probably silver plated) trade brooches, a metal button, and fragments of preserved buckskin were encountered. illustration, making the Bat Creek word "for Judea." PDF Institutional Database of Staff Publications Tennessee Division of Pp 181, This page was last edited on 15 March 2023, at 01:56. 1981 Radiocarbon Dating in Eastern Arctic Archaeology: a Flexible Approach. with details of their analysis, which I have not yet had time to critique. and other considerations, was Application of Occam's Razor strongly suggests a relatively recent European origin for the bracelets from Bat Creek. The Bat Creek Stone Revisited: A Fraud Exposed McGee 1988). conceivably be either an aleph or a waw, Jones' Celtic Encyclopedia, at Mainfort, Robert C., Jr. 1903 The Indians of North America in Historic Times (published as Volume 2 of The History of North America). Fowke, Gerard space as in English or modern Hebrew. Whiteford, Andrew H. [1] The consensus among archaeologists is that the tablet is a hoax,[1][3] although some have argued that the ancient Hebrew text on the stone supports pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories. ), Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, p. 610. Their findings were subsequently published and an online version is available on their website. iii: This sign is impossible as Paleo-Hebrew in the period 100 B.C.-A.D. 100 based on the shape and stance; Gordon identifies this sign as "he." 3 at Bat Creek is also rather similar (to Woodland mounds -authors) but apparently possessed non-typical traits such as copper ornaments and enigmatic engraved stone" (1952:218) "The relationships and cultural significance of much of the material excavated by the earlier archaeologists in this area can be explained in light of recent and intensive investigations, but some of the phenomena uncovered by Emmert has never been duplicated. Bat Creek Crazy: Can Scott Wolter Rehabilitate a Hoax? Even more ambitiously, the mound and its University of Pennsylvania Press. Academic Press, Inc., New York. However this accord was broken in the 1970s when the Bat Creek Inscription was adopted by proponents of Pre-Columbian transatlantic contact theories. better than to English, and no one has ever proposed a Cherokee reading The Bat Creek Stone remains the property of the Smithsonian Institution, and is catalogued in the collections of the Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, NMNH catalog number 8013771 and original US National Museum number A134902-0. It was most likely copied from the General History, Cyclopedia, and Dictionary of Freemasonry. "The Bat Creek Fraud: A Final Statement". 19, pp. 1-19, This CHANNEL IS NOT MONITIZED and never will be monetized. 1-2. Archaeology 41(5):62-70. www.rense.com/general28/weks.htm, dated 8/28/02. R is for "Ara" which is (Lion) QL is for "Qol" which is (voice) YH is for "Yah" which is (God) New York: Basic Books. Washington. More conclusive evidence regarding the stone's authenticity comes from two additional sources. trees and grapevines as long ago as the oldest settler David and Charles, Newton Abbot. As we discuss below, the Bat Creek stone received scant attention from . In: Archaeology of the Eastern United States, edited by J.B. Griffin, pp. We demonstrate here that the inscribed signs do not represent legitimate Paleo-Hebrew and present evidence suggesting that the stone was recognized as a forgery by Cyrus Thomas and other contemporary researchers. The inscribed signs generally penetrate through the patina, revealing the lighter interior matrix of the stone, but two signs (signs vi and vii on the left side of the stone as illustrated here) are noticeably shallower, as are portions of several others. 169-413. approximate site, possibly making a complete loop in which case it might be a numeral indicating Year 1 or The first letters of the two words Archaic and Woodland cultural materials were also recovered from the pre-mound deposits and were also present in the adjacent occupation areas. Emmert was employed as both a temporary and regular field assistant by the Smithsonian Institution for several years between 1883 and 1889, and personally directed a truly amazing number of excavations at sites in eastern Tennessee and adjacent areas. Litigation and environmental concerns stalled the dam's completion until 1979, allowing extensive excavations at multiple sites throughout the valley. 46-53 ff. The January/February 2006 Bat Creek: Excavations in the Smithsonian Archives,", "The Bat Creek Inscription: Did Judean 207-225. Bat Creek Stone! - Friends N Christ Murray was the first to completly make sense (properly translate) of all inscriptions on this stone (with simplicity in its simple form). A Review of Arnold Murray's Translation of the Bat Creek Stone IshMelamaid 18 subscribers Subscribe 33 Share 10K views 10 years ago Does Arnold Murray understand Hebrew? [9] Historian Sarah E. Baires writes that the attribution of the mound builders to "any groupother than Native Americans" reflects the "practices" of European settlers that primarily "included the erasure of Native American ties to their cultural landscapes". 47-178. 1973 Bristol Brass: A History of the Industry. This range is consistent with In June 2010 the stone underwent Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination by American Petrographic Services at the McClung Museum on the campus of the University of Tennessee. I own no rights to the film.Mary Hartski skit excerpt from \"Big Chuck and Hoolihan/Lil' John Show\" from WJW-TV out of Cleveland, Ohio. 1968 Mound Builders of Ancient America: The Archaeology of a Myth. "Thomas also reports enclosed burial areas, vaguely similar to those described above, from Sullivan County. LYHWD[M], or "for the Judeans.". In fact, the stone came to be recognized by some as "representing the most convincing evidence" in support of "the assertion that the Americas were regularly visited, if not colonized, by Old World seafarers". uses a word divider. A pamphlet containing these articles is available There is a vague resemblance to the Cherokee "se", as noted by McCulloch (1988:87). Scott Wolter/cc by-sa 3.0 When John W. Emmert and Cyrus Thomas excavated Bat Creek Mound in 1889, they stumbled across a stone with eight unfamiliar characters. The University of Tennessee excavators didn't investigate Mound 2 or Mound 3, both of which no longer existed. vegetation could be reconstructed at Biblical Archaeology Review happens to contain a Furthermore, in his field notes, John Emmert mentions the presence of "wet and muddy" soil at the base of the mound (the level at which the burials were found), which raises the possibility of contamination from groundwater. He noted that the broken letter on the far left is consistent 1991 Fantastic Archaeology: The Wild Side of North American Prehistory. Crown Publishers, Inc., New York. a plausible spot. In particular, it should be noted that subsequent to his employment with the Smithsonian Institution, Emmert (1891) published a brief article on an archaeological site in Tennessee in American Anthropologist. The Bat Creek Stone was professionally excavated in 1889 from an undisturbed burial mound in Eastern Tennessee by the Smithsonian's Mound Survey project. W-like shin of the Biblical QDSh (Qedosh) is entirely bookstore. As we discuss below, the Bat Creek stone received scant attention from Thomas's contemporaries and languished in relative obscurity (but see Mertz 1964) until 1970 when it was "rediscovered" by Cyrus Gordon, a well-published professor of Mediterranean Studies at Brandeis University and a leading proponent of cult archaeology. Although the authors have no formal training in the Cherokee syllabary (nor do cult archaeology writers such as Gordon and McCulloch), it seems necessary to [7], When the Bat Creek Inscription was found, it entered into this important debate about who the mound builders were. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. Since other signs are not claimed to be fourth century, the comparison is clearly illegitimate. Masonic Publishing Co., New York, 3rd ed., 1868, p. 134. This is especially exciting when considered in the context of the DNA evidence, Joseph Smiths statements, and all the other archaeological evidence for highly advanced civilizations in the heartland of America during the Book of Mormon epic.4, Your email address will not be published. 79-123. "MEGALITHS" With Dr Barry Fell & Dr Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel "They Came A Viking" - E. Raymond Capt, Shepherd's Chapel, "North American Sun Kings" - Dr. Mahan & Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, "CHRISTMAS" Dr Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel. Nothing resembling the mass bundle burials which he found on Long Island in Roane County and on the McGhee Farm in Monroe County has been recovered in more recent work. Finally, we have documented the fact that the Bat Creek stone was not accepted as a legitimate artifact by contemporary researchers and have provided strong indications that, after the initial publication of the object (Thomas 1890, 1894), both Cyrus Thomas and other staff members at the Smithsonian Institution came to doubt the authenticity of the stone. Journal of Archaeological Science 5(1):1-16. any competent student of antiquities. Journal of Mormon History, Vol. The stones inscription was translated into English by several Hebrew language scholars. the Bat Creek inscription works much better than [10], In Mound 3, Emmert reported finding "two copper bracelets, an engraved stone, a small drilled fossil, a copper bead, a bone implement, and some small pieces of polished wood soft and colored green by contact with the copper bracelet". The inscription consists of at least eight distinct characters. Serenwen, "Coelbren Ar Beirdd," undated webpage at Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus. John Emmert excavated Bat Creek Mound 3, doing so "alone and in isolation". Note that we do not contend that these signs are Cherokee - only that there are some formal similarities (McKussick [1979] incorrectly asserts that the signs actually are a form of Cherokee). 1-2), Gordon was quoted as saying that: "Various pieces of evidence point in the direction of migrations (to North America) from the Mediterranean in Roman times. disguise his or her source. 32 A.D. and 769 A.D.(McCulloch 1988). [7] The forced removal of Native peoples from their land and the severing of Native people from their heritage was partially enacted by "destroying indigenous pyramid mounds" and "The creation of the Myth of the Mounds". Moreover, detailed compositional analyses of metal artifacts are not routine even in recent studies. Bat Creek stone, which was professionally McKusick, Marshall Catalogue No. [1] This interpretation began in the 1970s when the stone was examined by professor Dr. Cyrus Gordon, scholar of "Biblical and Near Eastern studies" and known "proponent of Precolumbian contacts between the old and new worlds". that would itself be sufficient to vindicate the authenticity of Review, Vol. 1970 The Davenport Conspiracy. Having presented certain evidence that suggests that not only contemporary archaeologists and anthropologists, but also Cyrus Thomas himself, did not consider the Bat Creek stone to be authentic, we feel compelled to address the question: "Who was the forger and what were his motives?" 1941 Peachtree Mound and Village Site, Cherokee County, North Carolina. shells and large shell beads" was associated with one interment (Thomas 1894). Both Mound 2 and 3 were located higher than Mound 1. Griffin, James B., David J. Meltzer, Bruce D. Smith, and William C. Sturtevant1988 A Mammoth Fraud in Science. The Radiocarbon Date with mem, in which case this word would instead read the C-14 date of 32 A.D. - 769 A.D. Wilson et al. longer word, and identifed the second letter of the shorter Gordon, Cyrus, "Stone Inscription Found in Tennessee Proves that America was Discovered 1500 Years before Columbus," Argosy Magazine, Jan. 1971a. noticed that the inscription, when The Book of the Descendants of Doctor Benjamin Lee and Dorothy Gordon, 87-93. Bat Creek Stone - Volopedia upon to mark a path from old highway 72 to the the top, the roots of which ran [4] But these claims by Gordon and McCulloh have been silenced by archeologists who "have rejected the Bat Creek stone as a fake". However, the most telling difference between the Bat letters, esp. 131. Williams, Stephen [5] McCarter concluded, "It seems probable that we are dealing here not with a coincidental similarity but with a fraud". from Jersualem's City of David under the supervision Gordon, Cyrus, "The Bat Creek Inscription," in C.H. In the published literature, there is no indication that any Cherokee scholar has ever agreed with Cyrus Thomas's interpretation of the Bat Creek stone, nor have we encountered any references to the stone in the Cherokee linguistic or ethnographic literature (e.g., Mooney 1892, as well as examples noted below). [6] Additionally, these markings are characterized by V shape carvings indicating they were created by a sharper tool than the initial eight characters. In Paleo-Hebrew, words are required to be 1910 The Stone Age in North America (2 vols.). 7), as shown below, but inverted to Gordon's proposed Hebrew orientation. in the locality could recollect. American Anthropologist 5:63-64. 5-18. The Bat Creek Stone Inscription#1293cMartin G. CollinsGiven 31-Oct-15; 12 minutes. If Shepherd's Chapel has blessed you, help them bless. ABSTRACT Lacking the critical standard of most scholars, rogue professors "have the opportunity to rogue or defraud the public" (Williams 1988a:20). The fact that the Bat Creek stone is not cited in any of these works strongly hints that contemporary archaeologists and ethnologists did not regard the object as genuine (see, for example, Griffin et al_. Under the skull and mandible of Burial 1 "two copper bracelets, an engraved stone, a small drilled fossil, a copper bead, a bone implement, and some small pieces of polished wood soft and colored green by contact with the copper bracelets" were found. The metallurgical evidence is, in itself, equivocal with respect to the age of the brass bracelets; their composition could place them within a period spanning nearly two millennia.
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